Some recipes call for additional instructions that require a specific amount of the ingredient. For example, a recipe might request "1 cup brown sugar, firmly packed", or "2 heaping cups flour".
Dash or Pinch
Generally considered to be less than 1/8 teaspoon.
Even or Level
Measure the amount precisely, discarding the entire ingredient that rises above the rim of the measuring cup. The back of a straight knife works well for this.
Firmly Packed
With a spoon, a spatula, or your hand, tightly press the ingredient into the measuring cup. You should measure as much of the ingredient as you can fit into the measure.
Heaping or Heaped
Pile as much of the ingredient on top of the measure as it can hold.
Lightly Packed
Lightly press the ingredient into the measuring cup. Do not compress it too much either. However, make sure there are no air pockets.
Rounded
Do not flatten out the ingredient to the top of the measuring cup. Instead allow it to pile up above the rim naturally, into a soft, rounded shape.
Sifted
Sift with a strainer or sifter before measuring to ensure ingredient is not compacted and is free of any other foreign substance.
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